HD Statisik der USA Mops: 60% HD etc

Hallo!

Ich bin gerade auf der Homepage der OFA, der HD Auswertestelle in den USA, gewesen und fand diese Aufstellung- [www.offa.org] - Da sind Rassen vorne zu finden, von denen man sich HD nie denken würde.

WAs sagt ihr dazu?

Grße
Edith

Hallo Edith,

hab' leider keine Zeit mir diese Aufstellung anzusehen - interessant wäre allerdings welche Art der Vermessung angewandt wurde. Norberg-Olsen?

Grüße
Margot+Dalmis+Foxies

: Hallo !
:
: hab' leider keine Zeit mir diese Aufstellung anzusehen - interessant wäre allerdings welche Art der Vermessung angewandt wurde. Norberg-Olsen?

Das weiß ich leider nicht genau, aber vielleicht hilft dir das was!


Edith
Hip Dysplasia Xray Procedures

Radiographs submitted to the OFA must follow the American Veterinary Medical Association guidelines for positioning. This view is accepted world wide for detection and assessment of hip joint irregularities and secondary arthritic hip joint changes. To obtain this view, the animal must be placed on its back in dorsal recumbency with the rear limbs extended and parallel to each other. The knees (stifles) are rotated internally and the pelvis is symmetric. Chemical restraint (anesthesia) is recommended. For elbows, the animal is placed on its side and the respective elbow is placed in an extreme flexed position.
The x-ray film must be permanently identified with the animal's registration number or name, date of birth, veterinary case or x-ray number, date the radiograph was taken, and the veterinarian's name or hospital name. If this required information is illegible or missing, the OFA cannot accept the film for registration purposes. The owner should complete and sign the OFA application. It is important to record on the OFA application the animal's tattoo, microchip number or DNA profile as required by OFA (as of 1/1/2001). Sire and dam information should also be present.
Radiography of pregnant or estrus females should be avoided due to possible increased joint laxity (subluxation) from hormonal variations. OFA recommends radiographs be taken one month after weaning pups and one month before or after a heat cycle. Physical inactivity because of illness, weather, or the owner's management practices may also result in some degree of joint laxity. The OFA recommends evaluation when the dog is in good physical condition.
Chemical restraint (anesthesia) is not required by OFA but chemical restraint to the point of muscle relaxation is recommended. With chemical restraint optimum patient positioning is easier with minimal repeat radiographs (less radiation exposure) and a truer representation of the hip status is obtained.
When a radiograph arrives at the OFA, the information on the radiograph is checked against information on the application card. The age of the dog is calculated, and the submitted fee is recorded. The board-certified veterinary radiologist on staff at the OFA screens the radiographs for diagnostic quality. If it is not suitable for diagnostic quality (poor positioning, too light, too dark or image blurring from motion), it is returned to the referring veterinarian with a written request that it be repeated. If the radiograph is accepted for evaluation, a "security" hip rating and an application number is assigned. This security hip rating does not affect the final reading given to the animal, it serves only as a security measure since the radiograph is sent to outside veterinary radiologists for interpretation.
Radiographs of animals 24 months of age or older are independently evaluated by three randomly selected, board-certified veterinary radiologists from a pool of 20 to 25 consulting radiologists throughout the USA in private practice and academia. Each radiologist evaluates the animal's hip status considering the breed, sex, and age. There are approximately 9 different anatomic areas of the hip that are evaluated (Figure 1).

Figure 1

Craniolateral acetabular rim
Cranial acetabular margin
Femoral head (hip ball)
Fovea capitus (normal flattened area on hip ball)
Acetabular notch
Caudal acetabular rim
Dorsal acetabular margin
Junction of femoral head and neck
Trochanteric fossa
The radiologist is concerned with deviations in these structures from the breed normal. Congruency and confluence of the hip joint (degree of fit) are also considered which dictate the conformation differences within normal when there is an absence of radiographic findings consistent with HD. The radiologist will grade the hips with one of seven different physical (phenotypic) hip conformations: normal which includes excellent, good, or fair classifications, borderline or dysplastic which includes mild, moderate, or severe classifications. Seven classifications are needed in order to establish heritability information (indexes) for a given breed of dog. Definition of these phenotypic classifications are as follows:
Excellent
Good
Fair
Borderline
Mild
Moderate
Severe
(See How Hips Are Graded for more detail on the classifications)

The hip grades of excellent, good and fair are within normal limits and are given OFA numbers. This information is accepted by AKC on dogs with permanent identification and is in the public domain. Radiographs of borderline, mild, moderate and severely dysplastic hip grades are reviewed by the OFA radiologist and a radiographic report is generated documenting the abnormal radiographic findings. Unless the owner has chosen the open database, dysplastic hip grades are closed to public information.
When results of 1.8 million radiographic evaluations by 45 radiologists were analyzed, it was found that all three radiologists agreed as to whether the dog should be classified as having a normal phenotype, borderline phenotype, or HD 94.9% of the time. In addition, 73.5% of the time, all three radiologists agreed on the same hip phenotype (excellent, fair, good, borderline, mild, moderate or severe). Twenty-one percent of the time, two radiologists agreed on the same hip grade and the third radiologist was within one hip grade of the other two. Two radiologists agreed on the same hip grade and the third radiologist was within two hip grades of the other 2 5.4% of the time. This percentage of agreement is high considering the subjective nature of the evaluation.
In addition to assessing the dog's hip conformation, the veterinary radiologist reports other radiographic findings that could have familial, inherited causes such as transitional vertebrae or spondylosis. Transitional vertebrae are a congenital malformation of the spine that occur at the junctions of major divisions of the spine (usually between the thoracic and lumbar vertebral junction and the lumbar and sacral vertebral junction). Transitional vertebrae take on anatomic characteristics of both divisions of the spine it occurs between. The most common type of transitional vertebrae in dogs is in the lumbo-sacral area where the last lumbar vertebral body takes on anatomic characteristics of the sacrum. Transitional vertebrae are usually not associated with clinical signs and the dog can be used in a breeding program. The OFA recommends breeding the dog to another dog that does not have transitional vertebrae.
Spondylosis is another incidental radiographic finding where smooth new bone production is visualized between vertebral bodies at the intervertebral disc spaces. The new bone production can vary in extent from formation of small bone spurs to complete bridging of adjacent vertebral bodies. Spondylosis may occur secondary to spinal instability but often it is of unknown cause and clinically insignificant. A familial basis for its development has been reported. Like transitional vertebrae, dogs with spondylosis can be used in a breeding program.

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Hallo Edith,

: : hab' leider keine Zeit mir diese Aufstellung anzusehen - interessant wäre allerdings welche Art der Vermessung angewandt wurde. Norberg-Olsen?

: Das weiß ich leider nicht genau, aber vielleicht hilft dir das was!

Danke für den Artikel - was die Vermessungsmethode betrifft konnte ich leider auch keinen Hinweis finden, welche angewandt wurde, lediglich, dass sie die international festgelegten Lagerungsmethoden für HD-Röntgen offensichtlich kennen und einhalten.

Ich kann dir also nur mit den Informationen weiterhelfen, die ich von der Spezialistin für HD von der Vet.med.Uni Wien habe:

In Europa werden die Rö-Bilder aller Hunde nach Norberg-Olsen vermessen.
Dies ist mittlerweile aber sehr umstritten, weil man eigentlich wesentlich mehr Punkte berücksichtigen müßte, ebenso wie auch rassespezifische Unterschiede, als es bei dieser Vermessungsmethode der Fall ist.

Ich habe z.B. eine Dalmatiner-Hündin mit einer "C-Hüfte", die seit dem 2. Lebensjahr immer wieder (wetterabhängig) klinische Sympthome zeigt, ich kenne Hunde anderer Rassen mit "C-Hüften" die keinerlei Probleme haben - aber da sind alle Winkelungen, die Relationen der Knochenlänge der Hinterhandknochen zueinander u.ä. anders. Das wird bei Norberg-Olsen-Messungen aber nicht berücksichtigt.

Deshalb, allerdings kann ich es nicht beweisen, glaube ich nicht, dass div. Kleinhunderassen so stark HD-belastet sind. Patellaluxation ist bei diesen Rassen wirklich ein Thema - aber das ist ja wieder ganz etwas anderes.

Grüße
Margot+Foxies+Dalmis